People/Characters: Benedict XV, Pope

Titles	Order
Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy by John Julius Norwich	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
BENEDICT XV by FR. ASHLEY BECK	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
Conclave: The Politics, Personalities, and Process of the Next Papal Election by John L. Allen Jr.	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
The life of Benedict XV by Walter H. Peters	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
The Life of Benedict XV	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
Nijinsky by Richard Buckle	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
No Crisis in the Church? by Simon Galloway	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
Der Papst, der Hitler trotzte. Die Wahrheit über Piux XII. by Michael Hesemann	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes by Eamon Duffy	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
The Sources of Catholic Dogma by Heinrich Denzinger	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
The unknown pope : Benedict XV (1914-1922) and the pursuit of peace by John F. Pollard	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922
Verdicts Out of Court by Clarence Darrow	Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922

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Benedict XV, Pope (Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, 1854-1922) 21 November 1854 – 22 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 1914 until his death in January 1922. His pontificate was largely overshadowed by World War I and its political, social, and humanitarian consequences in Europe. He called the war labeled "the suicide of civilized Europe". The war and its consequences were the main focus of Benedict XV. He immediately declared the neutrality of the Holy See and attempted from that perspective to mediate peace in 1916 and 1917. Both sides rejected his initiatives.

After the war, Benedict focused the Vatican's activities on overcoming famine and misery in Europe and establishing contacts and relations with the many new states which were created because of the demise of Imperial Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Germany. Large food shipments, and information about and contacts with POWs, were to be the first steps for a better understanding of the papacy in Europe.
Regarding the Versailles Peace Conference, the Vatican believed that the economic conditions imposed on Germany were too harsh and threatened the European economic stability as a whole.

A note on the numbering: Pope Benedict X (1058–1059) is now considered an antipope by the Catholic Church. At the time of Benedict XI's election, however, Benedict X was still considered a legitimate pope, and thus the man the Catholic Church officially considers the tenth true Pope Benedict, Niccolo Boccasini, took the official number XI rather than X. This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Benedict by one digit. Popes Benedict XI-Benedict XVI are, from an official point of view, the 10th through 15th popes by that name.
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People/CharactersBenedict XV, Pope

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