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The Imitation Game
Today, Alan Turing is considered the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. The mathematician, born on June 23, 1912, was a brilliant World War II codebreaker and parlayed that insight into theorizing and creating the first stored-memory computers. Unfortunately, this Officer of the British Empire was persecuted by the British government of the time for his homosexuality and suffered through chemical castration before ending his life.
The Imitation Game by Feynman author Jim Ottaviani and Resistance illustrator Leland Purvis chronicles the life of Turing in a full-size graphic novel. Available online at http://www.tor.com/stories/2014/06/th...
The Imitation Game by Feynman author Jim Ottaviani and Resistance illustrator Leland Purvis chronicles the life of Turing in a full-size graphic novel. Available online at http://www.tor.com/stories/2014/06/th...
197 pages, ebook
First published June 1, 2014
About the author
Jim Ottaviani
23 books290 followersI've worked at news agencies and golf courses in the Chicagoland area, nuclear reactors in the U.S. and Japan, and libraries in Michigan. When I'm not staying up late writing comics about scientists, I'm spraining my ankles and flattening my feet by running on trails. Or I'm reading. I read a lot.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 327 reviews
May 30, 2022
"Sometimes it is the very people who no one imagines anything of who do the things no one can imagine."
Jim Ottaviani's The Imitation Game is the fascinating story of Alan Turing's amazing intellect, awkward and eccentric behavior, his homosexuality and his tragic end. I haven't seen the film, but I felt like this graphic novel gave me lots of pieces about Turing, from early pivotal friendsships to his role in breaking the enigma code in WWII to his trial for homosexuality. I thought it was a bit slow-moving at times; however, that's possibly because so much was covered so it was sometimes difficult to have the depth one wanted. Still, I enjoyed this book and came away with a greater appreciation for Turing and his achievements.
The quote above came from the film and is possibly in the book too, but I couldn't find it. And I liked it so there you go!
Jim Ottaviani's The Imitation Game is the fascinating story of Alan Turing's amazing intellect, awkward and eccentric behavior, his homosexuality and his tragic end. I haven't seen the film, but I felt like this graphic novel gave me lots of pieces about Turing, from early pivotal friendsships to his role in breaking the enigma code in WWII to his trial for homosexuality. I thought it was a bit slow-moving at times; however, that's possibly because so much was covered so it was sometimes difficult to have the depth one wanted. Still, I enjoyed this book and came away with a greater appreciation for Turing and his achievements.
The quote above came from the film and is possibly in the book too, but I couldn't find it. And I liked it so there you go!
September 24, 2017
Βαθμολογία: ★★★
Η ιστορία είναι πολύ ενδιαφέρουσα, πάνω κάτω όπως τη μάθαμε από την ταινία. Το σχέδιο μπορεί να μην άρεσε σε πολλούς, αλλά εγώ το βρήκα ικανοποιητικό. Το πρόβλημά μου ήταν με την αφήγηση γιατί ένιωθα πως μου άφηνε αρκετά κενά και το τέχνασμα με τις συνεντεύξεις, αν και καλό στη θεωρία, με απογοήτευσε στην πράξη. Αξίζει, πάντως, να το διαβάσετε.
Η ιστορία είναι πολύ ενδιαφέρουσα, πάνω κάτω όπως τη μάθαμε από την ταινία. Το σχέδιο μπορεί να μην άρεσε σε πολλούς, αλλά εγώ το βρήκα ικανοποιητικό. Το πρόβλημά μου ήταν με την αφήγηση γιατί ένιωθα πως μου άφηνε αρκετά κενά και το τέχνασμα με τις συνεντεύξεις, αν και καλό στη θεωρία, με απογοήτευσε στην πράξη. Αξίζει, πάντως, να το διαβάσετε.
September 20, 2014
3.5 for the last few pages. Great story, but I thought the execution could have been smoother, and the entire narrative framed better. Didn't understand the point of the interview set-up, and it felt like I had to fill in too many story-related blanks on my own. Glad to see Alan Turing's story get more play, though. What happened to him was a tragedy.
March 30, 2018
I’ve read quite a bit about Alan Turing and Bletchley Park and codebreakers during WW2, and have watched a number of related documentaries, as well as The Imitation Game movie starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Turing. So going into this book I wondered if it might just be more of the same for me. But I was quite impressed.
I found that this format and the techniques that the author and illustrator use helped me to understand all the computer science and mathematics and code-breaking methods better than I ever have. And I definitely have a better grip on what Turing called The Imitation Game, namesake of both this graphic novel and the 2014 film.
The various narrators employed - relatives, friends, lovers, work colleagues - add layers to Turing’s biography, both personal and professional elements. The narrators are depicted as ghosts from his past, telling parts of Turing's story - from childhood to death - to an interviewer, each from their own potentially unreliable perspectives. Or sharing their own particular memories and insights. Turing's mother is a chief narrator, and his brother John gives brief input. Narrators from Turing's time at Bletchley Park include his mathematician friend Joan Clarke (to whom he was briefly engaged), Dilly Knox, Hugh Alexander and others. Winston Churchill puts in appearance, and in one particular scene, Turing has a bit of an imaginary debate with pioneering programmer Lady Ada Lovelace.
The novel attempts to balance the story of Turing's life as a gay man who paid a horrible price for his sexuality with other aspects of his being and his contributions to the sciences, well beyond even his incredible work during his WWII-time service. And the author is successful in making the reader appreciate the remarkable scope of Turing's work.
I like the way Jim Ottaviani has provided a bibliography and references for the source of information applied to various frames of illustration. This helped address many of the questions that arose as I read. I also appreciated the Author's Note.
And I appreciate this book as an object - the dimensions, solidity, the cover design and textures, the quality of the paper and the binding, the illustrated endpapers. It appeals visually and in its tactile qualities. Well done, Abrams ComicArts and designer Pam Notarantonio! I think the quality of so many graphic books may push quality book design and production in other genres as well. Here's hoping.
In fact, this may be the first time that I have found a graphic novel as satisfying as a regular novel. And this is, I think, the first time that I have given 5 stars to something along the lines of a graphic novel. This publication is growing in me a real appreciation for graphic books. So, thanks Jim and Leland!
I found that this format and the techniques that the author and illustrator use helped me to understand all the computer science and mathematics and code-breaking methods better than I ever have. And I definitely have a better grip on what Turing called The Imitation Game, namesake of both this graphic novel and the 2014 film.
The various narrators employed - relatives, friends, lovers, work colleagues - add layers to Turing’s biography, both personal and professional elements. The narrators are depicted as ghosts from his past, telling parts of Turing's story - from childhood to death - to an interviewer, each from their own potentially unreliable perspectives. Or sharing their own particular memories and insights. Turing's mother is a chief narrator, and his brother John gives brief input. Narrators from Turing's time at Bletchley Park include his mathematician friend Joan Clarke (to whom he was briefly engaged), Dilly Knox, Hugh Alexander and others. Winston Churchill puts in appearance, and in one particular scene, Turing has a bit of an imaginary debate with pioneering programmer Lady Ada Lovelace.
The novel attempts to balance the story of Turing's life as a gay man who paid a horrible price for his sexuality with other aspects of his being and his contributions to the sciences, well beyond even his incredible work during his WWII-time service. And the author is successful in making the reader appreciate the remarkable scope of Turing's work.
I like the way Jim Ottaviani has provided a bibliography and references for the source of information applied to various frames of illustration. This helped address many of the questions that arose as I read. I also appreciated the Author's Note.
And I appreciate this book as an object - the dimensions, solidity, the cover design and textures, the quality of the paper and the binding, the illustrated endpapers. It appeals visually and in its tactile qualities. Well done, Abrams ComicArts and designer Pam Notarantonio! I think the quality of so many graphic books may push quality book design and production in other genres as well. Here's hoping.
In fact, this may be the first time that I have found a graphic novel as satisfying as a regular novel. And this is, I think, the first time that I have given 5 stars to something along the lines of a graphic novel. This publication is growing in me a real appreciation for graphic books. So, thanks Jim and Leland!
September 28, 2015
فلم رائع
وقصة عظييييييمة
!!
وقصة عظييييييمة
!!
March 4, 2024
This book is amazing. Imagine coming up with the Universal machine, figuring out that inputs in an algorithm can be reduced to actions represented by strings of zeroes and ones. It's absolutely brilliant. Turing had the opportunity to talk ideas with some of the greatest thinkers of our time. I cannot even imagine learning philosophy and logic from Wittgenstein.
No one should have cared that Turing was a little odd, and definitely gay. Who cares? He had a first-rate brilliant mind.
The Turing test (to see if a computer can be made to think, using artificial intelligence) was originally called "the imitation game," which is why it is the title of the book. It was a natural progression out of his understanding of advanced mathematics, logic, and proofs.
During WWII, Turing did extremely important work for the British government working on decryption. The German Enigma was giving them fits. Turing had all kinds of ideas, but no real authority to put all of them into action, just humming energetic ability.
I find the whole secret operation at Bletchley to be endlessly fascinating. So little machinery at that time existed which could be used to break ciphers. As it turns out, it was the perfunctory nature of the German culture that helped. They repeated too many of the same phrases, making it easier to break the code. But still, it was the machine that Turing came up with that the codebreakers relied on that made the real difference. And when the Germans moved from using three rotors to four, that's when it got ridiculously impossible. They needed to get their hands on an enigma.
And with great fortune, they finally did get their hands on a four rotor Enigma machine from a Uboat. All this before the US even entered the war.
Turing should be more of a hero, but like all great thinkers, others tried to take credit for his work. And others couldn't see past their own bigotry.
I think that Turing's love of running was his way of dealing with the world, one which frustrated him, and one that never accepted him as he was, but took what it could use from him.
The punishment meted out to known homosexuals back then was primitive and horrific. The world failed him. And we lost a great man too soon.
No one should have cared that Turing was a little odd, and definitely gay. Who cares? He had a first-rate brilliant mind.
The Turing test (to see if a computer can be made to think, using artificial intelligence) was originally called "the imitation game," which is why it is the title of the book. It was a natural progression out of his understanding of advanced mathematics, logic, and proofs.
During WWII, Turing did extremely important work for the British government working on decryption. The German Enigma was giving them fits. Turing had all kinds of ideas, but no real authority to put all of them into action, just humming energetic ability.
I find the whole secret operation at Bletchley to be endlessly fascinating. So little machinery at that time existed which could be used to break ciphers. As it turns out, it was the perfunctory nature of the German culture that helped. They repeated too many of the same phrases, making it easier to break the code. But still, it was the machine that Turing came up with that the codebreakers relied on that made the real difference. And when the Germans moved from using three rotors to four, that's when it got ridiculously impossible. They needed to get their hands on an enigma.
And with great fortune, they finally did get their hands on a four rotor Enigma machine from a Uboat. All this before the US even entered the war.
Turing should be more of a hero, but like all great thinkers, others tried to take credit for his work. And others couldn't see past their own bigotry.
I think that Turing's love of running was his way of dealing with the world, one which frustrated him, and one that never accepted him as he was, but took what it could use from him.
The punishment meted out to known homosexuals back then was primitive and horrific. The world failed him. And we lost a great man too soon.
September 26, 2016
How could such an interesting story be presented in such a boring manner?
June 26, 2021
Graphic novel of the life of Alan Turing – which I picked up on a visit to Bletchley Park. Unlike the rather proposterous film of the same name, this book gives as far as I can tell, an accurate and well researched rendition of Turing’s life. Also, and I think appropriately, it is dominated more by Turing’s work on computability (on the former it explains with some success how he proved that the an algorithm to solve the stopping problem could not be found) than on decoding (although there many of the basic ideas and major developments are well outlined). The story is told by ways of various characters (Turing’s mother, his lover, his brother, Joan Clarke) being interviewed – I think these discussions are meant to link to the Imitation Game (aka Turing Test) itself but I was unable to fully see how that conceit added to the story.
April 6, 2017
...από μαθηματικά δεν καταλαβαίνω πολλά. Ωστόσο, η ιστορία αυτού του ανθρώπου προκαλεί θαυμασμό και συγκίνηση... Ενας μαθηματικός που δείχνει έντονα στοιχεία αυτισμού βοήθησε αποφασιστικά να αποκρυπτογραφηθει ο Κωδικός enigma των ναζί κατα τη διάρκεια του Δεύτερου Παγκοσμίου πολέμου και συνετέλεσε στη δημιουργία της μορφής των υπολογιστών που γνωριζουμε σημερα... Ωστόσο, όπως γίνεται συνήθως, η αξία του δεν αναγνωρίστηκε παρά μετά θάνατον..
Μου άρεσε που όλη η ιστορία του βιβλίου παρουσιαζεται υπό μορφή συνεντευξεων. Μπορει και να έβαζα 3 αστεράκια αν δεν ειχα δει και τη συγκλονιστική ταινία.. Διαβαζοντας αυτο το βιβλίο, ξαναπερασε όλη μπροστά από τα μάτια μου...
Μου άρεσε που όλη η ιστορία του βιβλίου παρουσιαζεται υπό μορφή συνεντευξεων. Μπορει και να έβαζα 3 αστεράκια αν δεν ειχα δει και τη συγκλονιστική ταινία.. Διαβαζοντας αυτο το βιβλίο, ξαναπερασε όλη μπροστά από τα μάτια μου...
November 14, 2016
Review to come.
This unbiased rating is based upon a complimentary copy provided by the publisher.
This unbiased rating is based upon a complimentary copy provided by the publisher.
March 22, 2016
I got this book on Netgalley in exchange for a review.
This biographical graphic novel is one of my favorite reads ever. It describes the life of Alan Turing, the father of computer science. I can’t tell exactly how accurate this is, but it’s fascinating and heartbreaking to read.
The story is told from a few different points of view. It can be a bit confusing because it mixes Alan Turing’s POV with POVs of people who knew him. I wanted the story to go into more detail about what exactly Turing did during WW2, but that would have probably taken too much space and also wouldn’t have been very easy to explain. I felt that the writers weren’t sure exactly how to deal with Turing’s sexuality; it’s obviously an important part of his life so it had to be in the story, but it shouldn’t come across as the most important so there aren’t too many details.
I think the drawing style fits the story, meaning it’s not very cheerful and colorful. I liked the way Turing’s ideas and thoughts were drawn – it’s not easy to show those in a graphic novel in such an interesting way.
This biographical graphic novel is one of my favorite reads ever. It describes the life of Alan Turing, the father of computer science. I can’t tell exactly how accurate this is, but it’s fascinating and heartbreaking to read.
The story is told from a few different points of view. It can be a bit confusing because it mixes Alan Turing’s POV with POVs of people who knew him. I wanted the story to go into more detail about what exactly Turing did during WW2, but that would have probably taken too much space and also wouldn’t have been very easy to explain. I felt that the writers weren’t sure exactly how to deal with Turing’s sexuality; it’s obviously an important part of his life so it had to be in the story, but it shouldn’t come across as the most important so there aren’t too many details.
I think the drawing style fits the story, meaning it’s not very cheerful and colorful. I liked the way Turing’s ideas and thoughts were drawn – it’s not easy to show those in a graphic novel in such an interesting way.
March 27, 2017
Πολυ προσεγμενη και καλαισθητη εκδοση. Ομορφο εξωφυλλο, ομορφα χρωματα. Μου εκανε εντυπωση πως το ονομα του επιμελητη εμφανιζεται διπλα σε αυτο του μεταφραστη, στην πρωτη σελιδα μεσα. Ελπιζω καποτε να εμφανιζεται και στο εξωφυλλο.
Η ιστορια απο την αλλη παρουσιαζει καποιες ασαφειες οι οποιες προσωπικα με μπερδεψαν και θεωρω πως πρεπει καποιος να γνωριζει απο πριν γεγονοτα της ζωης του Τιουρινγκ ωστε να μη χαθει. Ευτυχως που ειχα δει την ταινια κι αυτο με βοηθησε. Επισης ολα οσα λεγονται περι λογικης, τεχνητης νοημοσυνης κλπ ειναι αρκετα δυσνοητα. Εγω που δεν τα κατεχω καθολου απλως τα προσπερνουσα χωρις να καταλαβαινω τιποτα.
Η ιστορια απο την αλλη παρουσιαζει καποιες ασαφειες οι οποιες προσωπικα με μπερδεψαν και θεωρω πως πρεπει καποιος να γνωριζει απο πριν γεγονοτα της ζωης του Τιουρινγκ ωστε να μη χαθει. Ευτυχως που ειχα δει την ταινια κι αυτο με βοηθησε. Επισης ολα οσα λεγονται περι λογικης, τεχνητης νοημοσυνης κλπ ειναι αρκετα δυσνοητα. Εγω που δεν τα κατεχω καθολου απλως τα προσπερνουσα χωρις να καταλαβαινω τιποτα.
May 1, 2020
پدر محاسبهنوین و هوشمصنوعی، دانشمند همجنسگرای خداناباور
من فکر ميکنم بعضي وقتها همون کسي که هيچکس تصورش رو نميکنه کارهايي و انجام ميده که هيچ کس تصورش رو هم نميکنه!
الن تورینگ [00:36:18 :The Imitation Game]
الن ماتیسون تورینگ(Alan Mathison Turing) متولد ۲۳ ژوئن ۱۹۱۲ م. ریاضیدان، دانشمند رایانه، منطقدان، فیلسوف، زیست-ریاضیدان، و رمزنگار بریتانیایی بود. تورینگ به عنوان پدر علم محاسبه نوین و هوش مصنوعی شناخته شدهاست و مهمترین جایزه علمی رایانه به افتخار وی جایزه تورینگ نام گرفت. وی دارای نشان ویژه سلطنتی انگلستان و نیز عضو پیوسته کالج سلطنتی بود. او از نظر اعتقادی یک دانشمند خداناباور(Atheist) با تمایلات طبیعی همجسگرایانه بود.[1]��در مورد نبوغ تورینگ کافی است به این دیالوگ از فیلم بازی تقلید(The Imitation Game) توجه کنیم:
دنيستون: اينجا گفته که شما در دانشکده رياضي يه جورايي نابغه بودين
تورینگ: ...مطمئن نيستم بتونم چنين ارزيابياي کنم
دنيستون: چندسال دارين، آقاي تورينگ؟
تورینگ: 27سال
دنيستون: و وقتي که استاد کمبريج شدين، چندسالتون بود؟
تورینگ: 24سال
دنيستون: ...و چندسالتون بود وقتي که اين مقاله رو منتشر کردين که عنواني داره که من به سختي معنياش رو ميفهمم؟
تورینگ: آ...23 سال
دنيستون: ...و فکر نميکني که - که اينها نشون ميدن که شما نابغه بودين؟
تورینگ: خب، نيوتن قضيه دوجملهاي رو در 22سالگي کشف کرد انيشتين هم در 26سالگي چهار مقاله نوشت که دنيا رو عوض کرد ...پس تا جايي که ميتونم بگم بعيده در سطح اونا باشم.
[The Imitation Game: 00:08:23]
مقاله اول او در سال 1936 با عنوان "ON COMPUTABLE NUMBERS, WITH AN APPLICATION TO THE ENTSCHEIDUNGSPROBLEM منتشر شد که به اندازه ی هر رویداد منحصر به فرد دیگری می تواند آغاز عصر جدید کامپیوتر تلقی شود.[2]
در طول جنگ جهانی، تورینگ در بلچلی پارک (مرکز کد شکنی انگلستان) در بخش مربوط به تحلیل نوشتههای رمزی نیروی دریایی آلمان، برای مدتی مسئول بخشی از آن بود. او چند روش برای شکستن رمزهای آلمانها شامل روش ماشینی الکترومکانیکی ابداع کرد، که میتوانست ویژگیهای ماشین انیگما را پیدا کند. مورخان تخمين ميزنند که با شسکتن رمز انيگما توسط تورینگ زمان جنگ بریتانیا و آلمان نازی بيش از دو سال کوتاهتر و جان 14ميليون نفر نجات داده شد. اين موضوع براي بيش از 50 سال جز اسرار دولتي باقي ماند. کار تورينگ الهام بخش نسلهاي بعدی شد. او در سال ۱۹۵۰ در مقاله ی COMPUTING MACHINERY AND INTELLIGENCE[3] معیاری برای تعیین میزان هوشمندی رایانه پیشنهاد کرد که پس از آن به "آزمایش تورینگ" معروف شد. دانشمندان نتیجه آن را "ماشينهاي تورينگ"[4] ناميدند و ما امروز به آنها "کامپيوتر(Computer)" مي گوییم!
در مورد زندگی نامه تورینگ کتاب های متعددی از جمله Alan Turing: The Enigma «آلن تورینگ: انیگما» (۱۹۹۲) نوشته "ادرو هودگز" منتشر شده است.[5] همچنین فیلم سینمایی "The Imitation Game" «بازی تقلید»[6] محصول سال 2014 م براساس داستان واقعي زندگی او در شهر منچستر انگلستان ساخته شد. گراهام مور، فیلمنامهنویس "بازی تقلید" برندهی جایزهی بهترین فیلمنامه در مراسم اسکار 2015 شد. در این فیلم می بینیم که پدر محاسبهنوین و هوشمصنوعی به دلیل گرایش همجنسگونگی خود مورد آزار و شکنجه قرار گرفت و از تمامی تسهیلات خود محروم شد. در دادگاه برای او حکم زندان یا پذیزش هورمون درمانی را تصویب کردند که او به ناچارگزینه ی دوم را انتخاب نمود. بعد از يک سال دستور دولت مبني بر هورمون درماني، آلن تورينگ در 7ژوئن 1954 دست به خودکشي زد. او تنها 41 سال داشت.
ميدوني چرا مردم از خشونت خوششون مياد؟ بخاطر اينکه احساس خوبي داره. انسانها، خشونت و به شدت راضي کننده ميدونن اما اگه اون رضايت رو برداري اون کار توخالي ميشه!
الن تورینگ [00:24:34 :The Imitation Game]
در بين سالهاي 1885 تا 1967 تحت قوانين بريتانيا، تقريبا 49000 مرد همجنسگرا به جرم اعمال خلاف عفت، محکوم شناخته شدند. بالاخره در سال 2013، ملکه اليزابت دوم، تورينگ را مشمول عفو سلطنتي بعد از مرگ قرار داد و از دستاوردهاي بي نظير او تقدير کرد.
امروزه بر طبق نظریه او شاهد دستاوردهای گوناگونی در علوم مختلف هستیم. به عنوان نمونه؛ اثبات نظریه تورینگ درباره فرگشت انگشتها[7] با توجه به مقاله ی سال 1950 م. او در این مقاله، نظریهای را درباره ریاضیات الگوهای خطوط بدن گورخر و شیارهای موجود روی تپههای شنی مطرح کرده بود؛ این نظریه چگونگی شکلگیری انگشتان را نیز توضیح میداد. هماکنون تیمی از محققان «آزمایشگاه زیستشناسی سیستمهای چندسلولی» در «مرکز تنظیم ژنومیک» (CRG) در بارسلونا اطلاعاتی ارائه دادهاند که تایید میکند انگشتان دست و پا توسط مکانیسم تورینگ الگوبندی میشوند.
پیتر: ...تو که خدا نيستي آلن؛ نميتوني تصميم بگيري کي بميره و کي زنده بمونه!
تورینگ: چرا، ميتونيم.
پيتر: چرا؟
تورینگ: چون کس ديگهاي نميتونه!
[The Imitation Game: 01:22:57]
_________________
[1] "This loss shattered Turing's religious faith and led him into atheism..." Time 100 profile of Alan Turing, p. 2 & "He was an atheist..." Alan Turing: Father of the computer, BBC News, 28 April 1999. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
[2] https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~robins/T...
[3] http://www.csee.umbc.edu/courses/471/...
http://www.loebner.net/Prizef/TuringA...
[4] https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%...
[5] https://books.google.co.uk/books/abou...
[6] http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2084970/
[7] http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/...
من فکر ميکنم بعضي وقتها همون کسي که هيچکس تصورش رو نميکنه کارهايي و انجام ميده که هيچ کس تصورش رو هم نميکنه!
الن تورینگ [00:36:18 :The Imitation Game]
الن ماتیسون تورینگ(Alan Mathison Turing) متولد ۲۳ ژوئن ۱۹۱۲ م. ریاضیدان، دانشمند رایانه، منطقدان، فیلسوف، زیست-ریاضیدان، و رمزنگار بریتانیایی بود. تورینگ به عنوان پدر علم محاسبه نوین و هوش مصنوعی شناخته شدهاست و مهمترین جایزه علمی رایانه به افتخار وی جایزه تورینگ نام گرفت. وی دارای نشان ویژه سلطنتی انگلستان و نیز عضو پیوسته کالج سلطنتی بود. او از نظر اعتقادی یک دانشمند خداناباور(Atheist) با تمایلات طبیعی همجسگرایانه بود.[1]��در مورد نبوغ تورینگ کافی است به این دیالوگ از فیلم بازی تقلید(The Imitation Game) توجه کنیم:
دنيستون: اينجا گفته که شما در دانشکده رياضي يه جورايي نابغه بودين
تورینگ: ...مطمئن نيستم بتونم چنين ارزيابياي کنم
دنيستون: چندسال دارين، آقاي تورينگ؟
تورینگ: 27سال
دنيستون: و وقتي که استاد کمبريج شدين، چندسالتون بود؟
تورینگ: 24سال
دنيستون: ...و چندسالتون بود وقتي که اين مقاله رو منتشر کردين که عنواني داره که من به سختي معنياش رو ميفهمم؟
تورینگ: آ...23 سال
دنيستون: ...و فکر نميکني که - که اينها نشون ميدن که شما نابغه بودين؟
تورینگ: خب، نيوتن قضيه دوجملهاي رو در 22سالگي کشف کرد انيشتين هم در 26سالگي چهار مقاله نوشت که دنيا رو عوض کرد ...پس تا جايي که ميتونم بگم بعيده در سطح اونا باشم.
[The Imitation Game: 00:08:23]
مقاله اول او در سال 1936 با عنوان "ON COMPUTABLE NUMBERS, WITH AN APPLICATION TO THE ENTSCHEIDUNGSPROBLEM منتشر شد که به اندازه ی هر رویداد منحصر به فرد دیگری می تواند آغاز عصر جدید کامپیوتر تلقی شود.[2]
در طول جنگ جهانی، تورینگ در بلچلی پارک (مرکز کد شکنی انگلستان) در بخش مربوط به تحلیل نوشتههای رمزی نیروی دریایی آلمان، برای مدتی مسئول بخشی از آن بود. او چند روش برای شکستن رمزهای آلمانها شامل روش ماشینی الکترومکانیکی ابداع کرد، که میتوانست ویژگیهای ماشین انیگما را پیدا کند. مورخان تخمين ميزنند که با شسکتن رمز انيگما توسط تورینگ زمان جنگ بریتانیا و آلمان نازی بيش از دو سال کوتاهتر و جان 14ميليون نفر نجات داده شد. اين موضوع براي بيش از 50 سال جز اسرار دولتي باقي ماند. کار تورينگ الهام بخش نسلهاي بعدی شد. او در سال ۱۹۵۰ در مقاله ی COMPUTING MACHINERY AND INTELLIGENCE[3] معیاری برای تعیین میزان هوشمندی رایانه پیشنهاد کرد که پس از آن به "آزمایش تورینگ" معروف شد. دانشمندان نتیجه آن را "ماشينهاي تورينگ"[4] ناميدند و ما امروز به آنها "کامپيوتر(Computer)" مي گوییم!
در مورد زندگی نامه تورینگ کتاب های متعددی از جمله Alan Turing: The Enigma «آلن تورینگ: انیگما» (۱۹۹۲) نوشته "ادرو هودگز" منتشر شده است.[5] همچنین فیلم سینمایی "The Imitation Game" «بازی تقلید»[6] محصول سال 2014 م براساس داستان واقعي زندگی او در شهر منچستر انگلستان ساخته شد. گراهام مور، فیلمنامهنویس "بازی تقلید" برندهی جایزهی بهترین فیلمنامه در مراسم اسکار 2015 شد. در این فیلم می بینیم که پدر محاسبهنوین و هوشمصنوعی به دلیل گرایش همجنسگونگی خود مورد آزار و شکنجه قرار گرفت و از تمامی تسهیلات خود محروم شد. در دادگاه برای او حکم زندان یا پذیزش هورمون درمانی را تصویب کردند که او به ناچارگزینه ی دوم را انتخاب نمود. بعد از يک سال دستور دولت مبني بر هورمون درماني، آلن تورينگ در 7ژوئن 1954 دست به خودکشي زد. او تنها 41 سال داشت.
ميدوني چرا مردم از خشونت خوششون مياد؟ بخاطر اينکه احساس خوبي داره. انسانها، خشونت و به شدت راضي کننده ميدونن اما اگه اون رضايت رو برداري اون کار توخالي ميشه!
الن تورینگ [00:24:34 :The Imitation Game]
در بين سالهاي 1885 تا 1967 تحت قوانين بريتانيا، تقريبا 49000 مرد همجنسگرا به جرم اعمال خلاف عفت، محکوم شناخته شدند. بالاخره در سال 2013، ملکه اليزابت دوم، تورينگ را مشمول عفو سلطنتي بعد از مرگ قرار داد و از دستاوردهاي بي نظير او تقدير کرد.
امروزه بر طبق نظریه او شاهد دستاوردهای گوناگونی در علوم مختلف هستیم. به عنوان نمونه؛ اثبات نظریه تورینگ درباره فرگشت انگشتها[7] با توجه به مقاله ی سال 1950 م. او در این مقاله، نظریهای را درباره ریاضیات الگوهای خطوط بدن گورخر و شیارهای موجود روی تپههای شنی مطرح کرده بود؛ این نظریه چگونگی شکلگیری انگشتان را نیز توضیح میداد. هماکنون تیمی از محققان «آزمایشگاه زیستشناسی سیستمهای چندسلولی» در «مرکز تنظیم ژنومیک» (CRG) در بارسلونا اطلاعاتی ارائه دادهاند که تایید میکند انگشتان دست و پا توسط مکانیسم تورینگ الگوبندی میشوند.
پیتر: ...تو که خدا نيستي آلن؛ نميتوني تصميم بگيري کي بميره و کي زنده بمونه!
تورینگ: چرا، ميتونيم.
پيتر: چرا؟
تورینگ: چون کس ديگهاي نميتونه!
[The Imitation Game: 01:22:57]
_________________
[1] "This loss shattered Turing's religious faith and led him into atheism..." Time 100 profile of Alan Turing, p. 2 & "He was an atheist..." Alan Turing: Father of the computer, BBC News, 28 April 1999. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
[2] https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~robins/T...
[3] http://www.csee.umbc.edu/courses/471/...
http://www.loebner.net/Prizef/TuringA...
[4] https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%...
[5] https://books.google.co.uk/books/abou...
[6] http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2084970/
[7] http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/...
February 26, 2016
[I received a copy of this book through NetGalley, in exchange for an honest review.]
A good general biography of Alan Turing. Not going into many details, as this wouldn't be really convenient in graphic novel form anyway, but comprehensive enough to encompass the most important aspects of his work.
Sometimes this comics reminded me of “Breaking the Code”—I guess that was because of the different narrators, and possibly also the interrogator's questions hinting at Turing's homosexuality, although the focus was less on that here than it was in the play. Interestingly, those “hints” were most often dismissed by the people telling about Turing's life: his mother (apparently naively) understanding this was about girls, Clarke and others basically shrugging it off (“he wasn't the only one, and we didn't care anyway because we were in Bletchley Park to work, not to worry about such things”), a colleague wondering why the hell Alan even broached the subject yet being his friend and working with him pretty fine all the same, etc. This aspect of Turing's life is always difficult to deal with, IMHO: it shouldn't matter so much, what matters is hius work, but since it was illegal in the UK at the time, it's just not something one could overlook, as it impacted his life nonetheless.
Noteworthy is also how his work in Bletchley Park had to be downplayed, and how it had been the same for all the cryptanalystes, scientists, “wrens” and other people involved. Since it was classified information, none were allowed to tell, even after World War II was over, what kind of work exactly they had done. Some were finally allowed to reveal it decades later, after the classified bit was lifted, while others died without never having opened their mouths about it. I felt this was important, as Turing may have been more respected by his peers if he had been able to list his achievements in that regard (and the trial seems to reflect that, with those against him looking at him in belittling ways, as if he had just done “some work” and not been part of something bigger, something much more important—as if all that defined him was that “gross misconduct with another man”, and the rest wasn't worth being mentioned).
The format is a bit strange, in that, as mentioned above, the story follows Alan's voice as well as that of another person (his mother, his friends...) and an interrogator. It is disconcerting at first, however the use of different colours (Alan's voice in yellow, his mother's in pink, for instance) allows to differenciate between them. Obviously enough, this format follows that of the Imitation Game itself, where a man A has to convince an interrogator that he's not a man, while a woman B has to convince the same interrogator A is lying and she's telling the truth. (I say obviously, because I just can't see how such a narrative set of voices would've been chosen at random.)
The drawing style, unfortunatey, didn't do much for me, and often detracted from what the book was showing, and from some of the ways it went about exploring what may have been Turing's thoughts: wandering in his own mind, following a trail of paper leading to other great minds like Ada Lovelace and Charles Babbage, all the while with Turing's colleagues and friends trying to follow him, follow the trail, but clearly never managing to really catch up... I found it to be an interesting representation of what may otherwise have been tedious. (There's some science in there, too, and it can easily become confusing to someone who's not overly familiat with concepts behind Turing's works.)
Drawing style not withstanding, this was a pretty interesting book, and a good introduction to Turing's life. There are plenty of references at the end for those who'd like to read more (including Hodges's “Alan Turing: The Enigma”). 4/5 stars.
A good general biography of Alan Turing. Not going into many details, as this wouldn't be really convenient in graphic novel form anyway, but comprehensive enough to encompass the most important aspects of his work.
Sometimes this comics reminded me of “Breaking the Code”—I guess that was because of the different narrators, and possibly also the interrogator's questions hinting at Turing's homosexuality, although the focus was less on that here than it was in the play. Interestingly, those “hints” were most often dismissed by the people telling about Turing's life: his mother (apparently naively) understanding this was about girls, Clarke and others basically shrugging it off (“he wasn't the only one, and we didn't care anyway because we were in Bletchley Park to work, not to worry about such things”), a colleague wondering why the hell Alan even broached the subject yet being his friend and working with him pretty fine all the same, etc. This aspect of Turing's life is always difficult to deal with, IMHO: it shouldn't matter so much, what matters is hius work, but since it was illegal in the UK at the time, it's just not something one could overlook, as it impacted his life nonetheless.
Noteworthy is also how his work in Bletchley Park had to be downplayed, and how it had been the same for all the cryptanalystes, scientists, “wrens” and other people involved. Since it was classified information, none were allowed to tell, even after World War II was over, what kind of work exactly they had done. Some were finally allowed to reveal it decades later, after the classified bit was lifted, while others died without never having opened their mouths about it. I felt this was important, as Turing may have been more respected by his peers if he had been able to list his achievements in that regard (and the trial seems to reflect that, with those against him looking at him in belittling ways, as if he had just done “some work” and not been part of something bigger, something much more important—as if all that defined him was that “gross misconduct with another man”, and the rest wasn't worth being mentioned).
The format is a bit strange, in that, as mentioned above, the story follows Alan's voice as well as that of another person (his mother, his friends...) and an interrogator. It is disconcerting at first, however the use of different colours (Alan's voice in yellow, his mother's in pink, for instance) allows to differenciate between them. Obviously enough, this format follows that of the Imitation Game itself, where a man A has to convince an interrogator that he's not a man, while a woman B has to convince the same interrogator A is lying and she's telling the truth. (I say obviously, because I just can't see how such a narrative set of voices would've been chosen at random.)
The drawing style, unfortunatey, didn't do much for me, and often detracted from what the book was showing, and from some of the ways it went about exploring what may have been Turing's thoughts: wandering in his own mind, following a trail of paper leading to other great minds like Ada Lovelace and Charles Babbage, all the while with Turing's colleagues and friends trying to follow him, follow the trail, but clearly never managing to really catch up... I found it to be an interesting representation of what may otherwise have been tedious. (There's some science in there, too, and it can easily become confusing to someone who's not overly familiat with concepts behind Turing's works.)
Drawing style not withstanding, this was a pretty interesting book, and a good introduction to Turing's life. There are plenty of references at the end for those who'd like to read more (including Hodges's “Alan Turing: The Enigma”). 4/5 stars.
January 16, 2020
Last year I read an experimental novel about Alan Turing, Murmur, which won the Wellcome Book Prize. I also encountered a fictional future Turing (who did not undergo chemical castration and kill himself) in Machines Like Me by Ian McEwan. I liked getting a tour back through Turing’s life, from boyhood to his mysterious death, through this graphic novel, and the idea of using testimony from people who knew him (his mother, co-workers from Bletchley, etc.) as the narration was clever, but the book focuses way too much on mathematics and technology.
March 7, 2016
Really well done. Not super uplifting. I learned things. Annnnnd not all of those things were things I wanted to know.
History is always so sad, you guys.
Most of the technical stuff went over my head. But it was also really fascinating even when I couldn't understand it.
I loved the way all the different voices told the story, with Alan himself coming in too.
History is always so sad, you guys.
Most of the technical stuff went over my head. But it was also really fascinating even when I couldn't understand it.
I loved the way all the different voices told the story, with Alan himself coming in too.
May 2, 2016
This graphic novel managed to do more with Turing's tragic and short life than the limpid movie with the same name attempted.
February 28, 2019
Good story, but I really disliked the art.
September 5, 2018
The Imitation Game film (2014) left me in tears, and so when I saw this title, I was very much interested in reading it!
And let me tell you something: this did not disappoint me at all! I don't read graphic novels very often, but I really enjoyed my reading experience with The Imitation Game. I would highly recommend this to people in search of nonfiction, historical accounts told in a wonderfully creative, visual way.
Disclosure: I received a copy of The Imitation Game from the publisher (via NetGalley) in exchange for an honest review.
Actual rating: 4 stars
* Find more of my bookish shenanigans in my natural habitat!
And let me tell you something: this did not disappoint me at all! I don't read graphic novels very often, but I really enjoyed my reading experience with The Imitation Game. I would highly recommend this to people in search of nonfiction, historical accounts told in a wonderfully creative, visual way.
Disclosure: I received a copy of The Imitation Game from the publisher (via NetGalley) in exchange for an honest review.
Actual rating: 4 stars
* Find more of my bookish shenanigans in my natural habitat!
April 25, 2017
A wasted genius. #3wordbookreview
I wonder what else Alan Turing would have contributed to the world if he had been given the chance...
A satisfying graphic novel about Turing's life. The shifts in time were a little confusing at times, but overall an enjoyable read. Even when you know how it ends :(
I wonder what else Alan Turing would have contributed to the world if he had been given the chance...
A satisfying graphic novel about Turing's life. The shifts in time were a little confusing at times, but overall an enjoyable read. Even when you know how it ends :(
April 12, 2023
Biografia di Alan Turing, la cui vita viene raccontata da famigliari, amici e colleghi.
Un grande uomo e un grande scienziato, ucciso dalla stupidità e dalla pruderie umana.
Un grande uomo e un grande scienziato, ucciso dalla stupidità e dalla pruderie umana.
February 8, 2020
TODO full review:
! Overall: read this if you get the chance!
+++ Excellent topic - Alan Mathison Turing is a key figure in the history of computing*, and a classic example of persecution against homosexuals**. (The British Queen and Prime Minister apologized, the former in 2013 and the latter in 2009, so about 60 years later...)
+++ High quality story, capturing many of the things we know about Alan Turing. The new aspects of his life, some of which we are still discovering, should not detract from this. (Historians can see part of all of their writings turned upside down by a new finding, and people who visualize existing historical accounts suffer from this even more acutely.)
+++ The main character, Alan Turing (later, "Prof"), is captured very well. The authors catch not only the main developing milestones, but also the evolving mannerisms and quirks. Very well done! (And a dramatic, sad evolution of the main character.)
++ The other characters are captured very well, and their feelings about Alan Turing are not only recorded with surprising detail given the space dedicated to this endeavor, but also motivated with (visual) finesse.
++ The graphics are in general very good. We get to see many of the key pieces of equipment of the era, particularly the code-breaking machines at the Bletchley Park during WW2 and the first computers built at the University of Manchester just after the war. The colors are muted, but fitting the topic. The lettering is diverse and good at expressing who and in which way talks. I also liked how the change of camera angle (point-of-view) is smooth, rather than abused as it often happens in modern comics (possibly because the software for making them has become so accommodating of tracing 3d scenes).
+/- The attempts to visualize Turing's conceptual work is experimental but not very successful. We see depictions of his work on logic, calculus + decidability (decision and especially halting) problem, and especially the immitation game (later, subject to a film, but based on the literary work Alan Turing: The Enigma by Andrew Hodges), and cryptography. There are better depictions in the comics world, for example, in Logicomix. Also, some of the descriptions seem inaccurate, especially those regarding cryptography.
! Overall: read this if you get the chance!
+++ Excellent topic - Alan Mathison Turing is a key figure in the history of computing*, and a classic example of persecution against homosexuals**. (The British Queen and Prime Minister apologized, the former in 2013 and the latter in 2009, so about 60 years later...)
+++ High quality story, capturing many of the things we know about Alan Turing. The new aspects of his life, some of which we are still discovering, should not detract from this. (Historians can see part of all of their writings turned upside down by a new finding, and people who visualize existing historical accounts suffer from this even more acutely.)
+++ The main character, Alan Turing (later, "Prof"), is captured very well. The authors catch not only the main developing milestones, but also the evolving mannerisms and quirks. Very well done! (And a dramatic, sad evolution of the main character.)
++ The other characters are captured very well, and their feelings about Alan Turing are not only recorded with surprising detail given the space dedicated to this endeavor, but also motivated with (visual) finesse.
++ The graphics are in general very good. We get to see many of the key pieces of equipment of the era, particularly the code-breaking machines at the Bletchley Park during WW2 and the first computers built at the University of Manchester just after the war. The colors are muted, but fitting the topic. The lettering is diverse and good at expressing who and in which way talks. I also liked how the change of camera angle (point-of-view) is smooth, rather than abused as it often happens in modern comics (possibly because the software for making them has become so accommodating of tracing 3d scenes).
+/- The attempts to visualize Turing's conceptual work is experimental but not very successful. We see depictions of his work on logic, calculus + decidability (decision and especially halting) problem, and especially the immitation game (later, subject to a film, but based on the literary work Alan Turing: The Enigma by Andrew Hodges), and cryptography. There are better depictions in the comics world, for example, in Logicomix. Also, some of the descriptions seem inaccurate, especially those regarding cryptography.
July 1, 2017
The Imitation Game is quite complicated. I would have lost the thread of the story if I hadn't already watched the movie. There are three main sections: pre-war, Turing's war work, then post war. Anyone who already has knowledge about the Enigma machine might enjoy the middle section.
Some of the complication, I suspect, is purposeful. Alan Turing was a mathematical genius who went off on tangents in his conversations. But there were many narrators in the story - it's presented as an interview, and I didn't always track with the changes. Also, his post war work shifted about a lot. I had no concept of how many years we were covering or what he may have accomplished.
A major focus of the third section is Turing's open homosexuality. He apparently lost his career opportunities after he was tried and convicted of "gross indecency." He was completely alone even though his colleagues all had known of his homosexuality and still worked well with him. Different theories about his death are discussed in the author's notes.
I would recommend the movie over the book - a rare event for this reader.
Some of the complication, I suspect, is purposeful. Alan Turing was a mathematical genius who went off on tangents in his conversations. But there were many narrators in the story - it's presented as an interview, and I didn't always track with the changes. Also, his post war work shifted about a lot. I had no concept of how many years we were covering or what he may have accomplished.
A major focus of the third section is Turing's open homosexuality. He apparently lost his career opportunities after he was tried and convicted of "gross indecency." He was completely alone even though his colleagues all had known of his homosexuality and still worked well with him. Different theories about his death are discussed in the author's notes.
I would recommend the movie over the book - a rare event for this reader.
August 4, 2019
Jim Ottaviani writes books that I love, even if the math's way above my head. He has a way of making you appreciate something you can't quite grasp that I love bumping into while I'm reading. I remember the same feeling reading Feynman. I'm sure the same thing will be true of Hawking when I get my hands on it.
The Imitation Game tells the story of Alan Turing, a mathematician, codebreaker, runner and gay man in a time that being so was illegal. Ottaviani depicts Turing as a man loved, but not always understood by those around him. In fact, the whole book is Alan Turing's interrogation of figures from his past. It's an attempt to see if he was ever truly known. At other times it feels like an attempt to understand what was behind the layers of forced, necessary or accidental secrecy that surrounded Turing.
It's a book for people interested in World War 2, math(s), computers, brilliant scientists or fascinating people. I'm glad for having read something about Alan Turin.
The Imitation Game tells the story of Alan Turing, a mathematician, codebreaker, runner and gay man in a time that being so was illegal. Ottaviani depicts Turing as a man loved, but not always understood by those around him. In fact, the whole book is Alan Turing's interrogation of figures from his past. It's an attempt to see if he was ever truly known. At other times it feels like an attempt to understand what was behind the layers of forced, necessary or accidental secrecy that surrounded Turing.
It's a book for people interested in World War 2, math(s), computers, brilliant scientists or fascinating people. I'm glad for having read something about Alan Turin.
October 26, 2021
It uses some clever narrative techniques, interviewing deceased people for their takes on Turing's life. Otherwise, it didn't carry a lot of spark for me to enjoy, in the graphics or the story. Still, it was a fairly fast read. And I was glad to learn some things about the protagonist and his codebreaking machines that I didn't get from the film of the same name.
MPA ratings: PG-13 for thematic material
MPA ratings: PG-13 for thematic material
December 11, 2016
A little hard to follow at times, but still a fascinating look at one of the tragic geniuses of the 20th century.
August 1, 2022
Turing's story is worthy of five stars. But this particular telling of his story didn't do it for me. More technical details than I expected and I didn't like how the multiple narrators was done.
January 17, 2021
No sé qué decir de esto. He leído una página tras otra, sí, pero a veces no sabía qué narices estaba leyendo.
Por un lado tenemos el tema, que a veces es algo complejo. Por otro, el guion no ayuda y al autor no parece importarle si te pierdes en su juego narrativo (¿quién está hablando y de qué? ¿Qué significa ese gesto?). Además, con ciertas conversaciones es muy difícil traducir de forma coherente, aunque hay alguna traducción que tiene delito (supongo que en un bocadillo ponía «A-are... you...[okay]?» y en lugar de «¿Es-estás... [bien]?» ponen «¿E-eres tú...?»). Total, que a veces es un tremendo galimatías que no hay por donde cogerlo. Tal vez de ahí viene el título.
De todas formas, mi fórmula con Oberon es que la calidad del guion es inversamente proporcional a la de la ilustración, y como esta obra tiene unas ilustraciones algo reguleras, estaba bastante interesante.
Por un lado tenemos el tema, que a veces es algo complejo. Por otro, el guion no ayuda y al autor no parece importarle si te pierdes en su juego narrativo (¿quién está hablando y de qué? ¿Qué significa ese gesto?). Además, con ciertas conversaciones es muy difícil traducir de forma coherente, aunque hay alguna traducción que tiene delito (supongo que en un bocadillo ponía «A-are... you...[okay]?» y en lugar de «¿Es-estás... [bien]?» ponen «¿E-eres tú...?»). Total, que a veces es un tremendo galimatías que no hay por donde cogerlo. Tal vez de ahí viene el título.
De todas formas, mi fórmula con Oberon es que la calidad del guion es inversamente proporcional a la de la ilustración, y como esta obra tiene unas ilustraciones algo reguleras, estaba bastante interesante.
March 18, 2024
The Imitation Game is one of my favorite movies of all time and I believe Alan Turning is an incredible historical figure who deserves more recognition than he’s ever received.
This book was confusing as half the time I didn’t know who the text boxes were for. This was supposedly from the take of the deceased, but also and interviewer, but also Alan? Also, I know I don’t understand math and machines well, but this did NOT make it any easier to understand.
This book was confusing as half the time I didn’t know who the text boxes were for. This was supposedly from the take of the deceased, but also and interviewer, but also Alan? Also, I know I don’t understand math and machines well, but this did NOT make it any easier to understand.
March 1, 2022
I’ll try to avoid comparisons with the movie of the same name, but I can’t help but point out that this is much, much better. The book contains a much more complete and compassionate view of Turing’s character than the stereotypically-cold-genius character of the movie.
As for the art, it wasn’t the most beautiful art I’ve seen in a graphic novel, but that’s to be expected for a non-fiction story with real people. The prettiest art was in the more imaginative scenes where he was explaining his theories - those were my favorite parts of the book, between the art, the concise explanations of complicated concepts, and the cameo by Ada Lovelace.
This was a beautiful book that I loved reading. The fact that I cried multiple times over a graphic novel about math might be saying something about me, but it’s probably just because this was a great book.
As for the art, it wasn’t the most beautiful art I’ve seen in a graphic novel, but that’s to be expected for a non-fiction story with real people. The prettiest art was in the more imaginative scenes where he was explaining his theories - those were my favorite parts of the book, between the art, the concise explanations of complicated concepts, and the cameo by Ada Lovelace.
This was a beautiful book that I loved reading. The fact that I cried multiple times over a graphic novel about math might be saying something about me, but it’s probably just because this was a great book.
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