knap
English
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English knappen (verb) and knappe (“strike”) (noun), an onomatopoeia.
Verb
editknap (third-person singular simple present knaps, present participle knapping, simple past and past participle knapped)
- (transitive) To shape a brittle material having conchoidal fracture, usually a mineral (flint, obsidian, chert etc.), by breaking away flakes, often forming a sharp edge or point.
- (transitive) To rap or strike sharply.
- 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
- Knap the tongs together […] about a handful from the bottom.
- 1820, The Edinburgh Monthly Magazine, volume 8, no.43, page 81, October 1820.
- Some entered the ring in very bad condition, and immediately got a-piping, like hot mutton pies - fell on their own blows, and knapped it every round, till they shewed the white feather and bolted.
- 1977, Marilynne K. Roach, Encounters with the Invisible World, →ISBN, page 10:
- "That will be sixpence," he said without looking up. She knapped her lips together and turned on her heel without another word.
- (obsolete, UK, dialect) To bite; to bite off; to break short.
- 1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC:Psalms xlvi. 9
- He breaketh the bow, and knappeth the spear in sunder.
- 1821, John Clare, The Village Minstrel:
- "Horses..turn'd to knap each other at their ease."
- To make a sound of snapping.
- 1676, Richard Wiseman, Severall Chirurgicall Treatises, London: […] E. Flesher and J. Macock, for R[ichard] Royston […], and B[enjamin] Took, […], →OCLC:
- Press back the head of the Femur into its Acetabulum , and it will knap in
Usage notes
edit(to shape a brittle material) In modern usage knap is restricted to the specific technique of percussion flaking whereby flakes are removed across an entire face or facet leaving a conchoidal fracture. It is distinguished from the more general verb chip and is different from "carve" (removing only part of a face), and "cleave" (breaking along a natural plane). The term is used in archaeology for the production of flaked stone tools and in gunsmithing for the production of gunflints. Knap is rarely used in stonemasonry except to denote fine chipping done with smaller hammers but without the chisel.
Synonyms
edit- (break flakes from brittle material): chip
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editNoun
editknap (plural knaps)
- A sharp blow or slap.
- 2012, Andrew Ashenden, Basics of Stage Combat: Unarmed, →ISBN:
- It tells the audience the punch was thrown, they hear a knap, and the victim is 'injured'.
See also
edit- conchoidal
- flake
- hinge
- pressure flaking
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle English knappe (“knob”), from Old English cnæp, akin to cnotta (“knot”).
Noun
editknap (plural knaps) (chiefly dialect)
- A protuberance; a swelling; a knob.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Building”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
- you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground
- The crest of a hill
- A small hill
- 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:
- the highest part and knap of the same Iland
Etymology 3
editVerb
editknap (third-person singular simple present knaps, present participle knapping, simple past and past participle knapped)
- Alternative form of nap (“to nab or grab”)
References
edit- John Camden Hotten (1873) The Slang Dictionary
References
edit“knap”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Danish
editEtymology 1
editProbably from Middle Low German knap, otherwise related to it. Further cognate with German knapp, Swedish knapp, Dutch knap.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editknap
Inflection
editInflection of knap | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | knap | — | —2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | knapt | — | —2 |
Plural | knappe | — | —2 |
Definite attributive1 | knappe | — | — |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Adverb
editknap
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse knappr, from Proto-Germanic *knappô.
Noun
editknap c (singular definite knappen, plural indefinite knapper)
Inflection
editcommon gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | knap | knappen | knapper | knapperne |
genitive | knaps | knappens | knappers | knappernes |
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editCa. 1500. A word originally found only in Dutch and Low German; compare Middle Low German knap, whence German knapp, Danish knap, Swedish knapp, all “scarce, scant”, also “tight-fitting, small” (of clothes). From the last, Dutch derived “attractive, pretty”, which was then further generalised; cf. semantically German schmücken (“to embellish", originally "to fit tightly”).
Further origin unknown. Perhaps comparable to Ancient Greek κνάπτω (knáptō, “to card wool”), κνέφαλλον (knéphallon, “flock, wool”), in the sense of "tight-fitting, shapely."[1][2]
Adjective
editknap (comparative knapper, superlative knapst)
- attractive, handsome, pretty
- Synonym: aantrekkelijk
- impressive, decent, rather good or big
- Synonym: netjes
- Oh, dat is best knap.
- Oh, that's pretty impressive.
- smart, intelligent, gifted, clever
- (archaic) lissom, agile, brisk, fresh
- (archaic) tight-fitting, shapely
- (archaic) tight (of a budget), scarce
Declension
editDeclension of knap | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | knap | |||
inflected | knappe | |||
comparative | knapper | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | knap | knapper | het knapst het knapste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | knappe | knappere | knapste |
n. sing. | knap | knapper | knapste | |
plural | knappe | knappere | knapste | |
definite | knappe | knappere | knapste | |
partitive | knaps | knappers | — |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Caribbean Javanese: knap
Adverb
editknap
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
editknap
- inflection of knappen:
References
edit- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “knap2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
- ^ P.A.F. van Veen en N. van der Sijs (1997), Etymologisch woordenboek: de herkomst van onze woorden, 2e druk, Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht/Antwerpen
Kashubian
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editAdverb
editknap (not comparable)
Further reading
editMiddle English
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old English cnæp.
Noun
editknap
- Alternative form of knappe (“knob”)
Etymology 2
editPossibly onomatopoeic.
Noun
editknap
- Alternative form of knappe (“strike”)
Serbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editAdjective
editknap (Cyrillic spelling кнап)
Adverb
editknap (Cyrillic spelling кнап)
Related terms
editSwedish
editNoun
editknap c
Declension
editDeclension of knap | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | knap | knapen | knapar | knaparna |
Genitive | knaps | knapens | knapars | knaparnas |
References
edit- knap in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- knap in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- knap in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- knap in Svenskt nautiskt lexikon (1920)
Anagrams
edit- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/æp
- Rhymes:English/æp/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English onomatopoeias
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with obsolete senses
- British English
- English dialectal terms
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- Danish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/ap
- Rhymes:Danish/ap/1 syllable
- Danish lemmas
- Danish adjectives
- Danish adverbs
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch terms with unknown etymologies
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch adjectives
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch terms with archaic senses
- Dutch adverbs
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- Kashubian terms borrowed from German
- Kashubian terms derived from German
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ap
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ap/1 syllable
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian adverbs
- Kashubian uncomparable adverbs
- Kashubian dated terms
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from German
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian adjectives
- Serbo-Croatian colloquialisms
- Serbo-Croatian adverbs
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- sv:Nautical