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{{History of Japan|image=JapanesePolishedStoneAxes.JPG|caption= Paleolithic stone axes}}
The {{Nihongo|'''Japanese Paleolithic period'''|旧石器時代|kyūsekki jidai}} is the period of human inhabitation in Japan predating the development of pottery, generally before 10,000 BC.<ref name=Japan>{{cite book |last1=Campbell |first1=Allen |last2=Nobel |first2=David S |title=Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia |publisher=Kodansha |date=1993 |page=1186 |isbn=406205938X}}</ref> The starting dates commonly given to this period are from around 40,000 BC,<ref>Hoshino Iseki Museum, Tochigi Pref.</ref> with recent authors suggesting that there is good evidence for habitation from c. 36,000 BC onwards.<ref name=":0" /> The period extended to the beginning of the Mesolithic [[Jōmon period]], or around 14,000 BC.<ref>[http://web-japan.org/trends00/honbun/tj990615.html][http://www.jomon.or.jp/ebulletin11.html "Ancient Jomon of Japan", Habu Jinko, Cambridge Press, 2004 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070827214726/http://www.jomon.or.jp/ebulletin11.html|date=2007-08-27}}</ref>
The earliest human bones were discovered in the city of [[Hamamatsu]] in [[Shizuoka Prefecture]], which were determined by [[radiocarbon dating]] to date to around 18,000–14,000 years ago.
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