File:A cliff of many layers - geograph.org.uk - 792801.jpg

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English: A cliff of many layers. Pebbly marine sands and silts of the Lower Pleistocene, including two stone beds, are located on the seaward side of the wooden revetment. The Cromer Stone Bed, rich in local flint, is resting directly on the chalk; the layer above it includes quartz and quartzite pebbles. Because of the hardness of the Cromer Stone Bed that caps and protects the chalk from erosion in some places, small pedestals of chalk can be found standing on their own > 792784.

The chalk is composed of calcium carbonate from the remains of microscopic marine organisms that once lived in a warm shallow sea which covered this area between 62 and 132 million years ago. To the west of Woman Hythe (West Runton Gap) there is a small swale of black, organic deposits that are part of the West Runton Freshwater Bed, which outcrops in the upper beach and at the base of the cliff > https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/792797. It is not as rich in fossil remains as the main Freshwater Bed deposit but is of the same age. The West Runton Freshwater Bed was formed by mud deposited by a river that once used to flow here about 600,000 to 700,000 years ago, long before the onset of the Ice Ages.

The layers above consist of a sand deposit overlain by a layer of till, with stratified layers of pale yellow sands and gravels above. Contorted drift can be observed where it appears as curves and swirls in the cliff material > https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/792779.

The clifftops generally have a covering of sand, covered by a layer of soil > https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/792796. Erosion is evidenced by the heaps of sand and other materials that have accumulated at the cliff base, due to recent slides.
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Author Evelyn Simak
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Evelyn Simak / A cliff of many layers / 
Evelyn Simak / A cliff of many layers
Camera location52° 56′ 36″ N, 1° 14′ 09″ E  Heading=90° Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMapinfo
Object location52° 56′ 35″ N, 1° 14′ 21″ E  Heading=90° Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMapinfo

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Attribution: Evelyn Simak
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current03:58, 20 February 2011Thumbnail for version as of 03:58, 20 February 2011640 × 480 (181 KB)GeographBot (talk | contribs)== {{int:filedesc}} == {{Information |description={{en|1=A cliff of many layers Pebbly marine sands and silts of the Lower Pleistocene, including two stone beds, are located on the seaward side of the wooden revetment. The Cromer Stone Bed, rich in local

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